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| S.No | Particular | Page No. | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Mr. Nazim UddinAbstract: The status of subalterns is imposed mainly on the lower caste and lower-class people. They are common victims and they accept suppression as they do not have the economic and political power to fight back the upper-class people’s supremacy. Mulk Raj Anand is a humanist and has deep intellectual concern for humanity and his novels are powerful documentation of subalterns who are suffering from socially setup manacles. The present research paper tries to find out the subaltern perspective in the themes and characteristics of the selected novels of Anand and how the selected novel expresses the voices of subaltern. The novel Untouchable, Coolie and Two Leaves and A Bud offers a remarkable opening for the Indian English writers to explore new world of subalterns. It states a hope, both for the untouchable Hindus and India, bringing the philosophy of Gandhi which efforts to raise consciousness with the purpose of removing the caste system. Anand, as socially committed novelist, through his novels Untouchable, Coolie and Two Leaves and a Bud deals with subaltern voices that are marginalization, casteism, exploitation of weaker sex, hypocrisy and poverty in India. He raises the voice against caste segregation in the Indian society. He illustrates the real situation of Subalterns, their mentality and reality. The novelist portrays the voice of subaltern and demonstrates the exploitation and marginalization of subaltern on the basis of caste, class, gender, minority and status. The caste system has played a great destruction to the people of our country. |
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1-9 |
| 2 |
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1 |
| 3 |
Balbir Kaur Bhasin, Dr. RattanAbstract: This study analyses about the masculinity in Ernest Hemingway's novel through the gender performativity and hegemonic masculinity. This study asserts that Hemingway's male protagonists, including Jake Barnes in The Sun Also Rises, Frederic Henry in A Farewell to Arms, Robert Jordan in For Whom the Bell Tolls, and Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea, exemplify masculinity through performative behaviours shaped by cultural, historical, and relational contexts. Hemingway's male protagonists do not inherently represent masculinity, hence validating this perspective. This study employs the methodologies of Judith Butler and R.W. Connell. Hemingway's main characters are strong, driven, and stoic, yet they also have problems with weakness, dependence, trauma, and failure. According to the research, Hemingway both supports and criticises masculinity. The test results back this assertion up. These paintings confuse gender roles by showing women as both reflections and foes of what it means to be a man. Hemingway's works indicate that masculinity is unstable by showing how theatrical and flimsy it is. It also makes clear the main problems of his time and the gender discussion in society. |
|
18-22 |
| 4 |
डॉ. सुमनलताAbstract: मनुष्य का चीरकाल से ही प्रकृति के साथ घनिष्ठ सम्बन्ध रहा है। हमारे पूर्वजों ने प्रकृति को आदिशक्ति माना जिससे जगत की उत्पत्ति हुई। इसी कारण प्रकृति में हमारे पूर्वजों ने देवत्व देखा और उसकी उपासना की। प्रकृति एवं पर्यावरण का गहन सम्बन्ध है। पर्यावरण एक महत्त्वपूर्ण कारक है जो जीवन को गतिमान रखने के लिए महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका अदा करता है। पर्यावरण के कारण जीवन और उसके क्रियाकलाप संचालित होते हैं। पर्यावरण का सम्बन्ध मात्र मनुष्य, प्रकृति और उसके वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन तक ही सीमित नहीं रहता है अपितु राजनैतिक सांस्कृतिक, व्यापारिक, सामाजिक-आर्थिक आधार भी उसका विषय-क्षेत्र है। अत: यह कहना अनुचित न होगा जो कुछ हमारे चारों ओर विद्यमान है और जो हमारी रहन-सहन की दशाओं और मानसिक क्षमताओं को करता है अर्थात् पर्यावरण किसी एक कारक का नाम नहीं है यह अनेक कारकों जैसे- धरातल, मृदा, जलवायु, खनिज, प्राकृतिक, वनस्पतियों, जलराशियों आदि का एक योग है, जिसमें सभी जीवधारी की समान रूप से हिस्सेदारी है। |
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23-30 |
